INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & SUPPLY
CHAIN
In the current times, supply chain is viewed as digitally
enabled inter-firm process capability based on the extensive use of information
technology as the mode for sharing information and products.[1]
This ability is enabling firms to integrate both upstream and downstream the
supply chain as well as within the firms, a shift from traditional physical
connections. Most of the firms are taking benefit of this free virtual resource
to improve their performance by achieving a higher level of efficiency. This
use of technology is also helping firms to shift from single-supplier situation
to multi-agent supplier networks leading to lower costs based on increased
competition. Companies are benefitting from the availability of dynamic
networks – a big support in their struggle for zero waste and minimized costs.[2]
This use of technology is also providing companies with an access to their
customers to get a direct feedback helping more efficient and effective product
development and better demand forecasting. Information technology has linked
the sources and sinks with the use of a common platform and easy, cheap and
transparent linkages.
Getting into detail as how information technology is actually
serving for the benefit of supply chain a white paper issues by Intermec, a manufacturer and supplier of automated identification and data capture
equipment, refers to top ten technologies impacting supply chain:[4]
- Comprehensive connectivity – wireless LAN technologies, cellular networks & bluetooth
- Voice and GPS communication integrated into rugged computers
- Speech recognition
- Digital imaging
- Portable printing
- 2D & other bar coding advances
- RFID
- RTLS (Real Time Location Systems)
- Remote management
- Wireless and device security
The question arises that if these huge investments in
information technology based supply chain networks are brining enough returns
to make them feasible, if not then why companies are still investing these
fortunes? Research on this query results in a mixed feedback - Over 45% of IT-based
SCM projects fail or yield disappointing results (Business Wire b, 2003).
Another study found out that 33% of firms fail to correctly assess the returns
from supply chain efforts (Cook and Hagey, 2003).[5]
[1] http://rady.ucsd.edu/faculty/directory/zhu/pub/docs/papers/paper1_ISR08_IT%20in%20supply%20chains.pdf
[2] https://www.inttra.com/Assets/News/News_458.pdf
[3] http://www.clermiston.com.au/Supply%20Chain.htm
[4] http://www.mirnah.com/images/White_Papers/Trends_SupplyChain/Top10Tech_wp.pdf
[5] http://www.ipsera.com/assets/documents/160.pdf
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